带肋的内流通道中气膜孔流量系数的研究

在根据相似理论放大的模型上,测量了带60°肋壁的内流通道中沿主流流向分布的各气膜孔的流量系数(Cd)。实验在内流通道进口雷诺数为20000～80000、通道总出流比为0.30～0.60的范围内进行,重点分析了带60°肋壁和不带肋的内流通道中来流雷诺数和总出流比对Cd的影响规律,分析了肋对气膜孔流量系数的影响,并且进行了相应的数值模拟研究。为涡轮叶片的冷却结构设计提供了依据。     

拉挤互锁复合材料格栅结构格栅肋的应力集中

在新型、高效的拉挤互锁复合材料格栅结构的制造工艺中通过格栅肋开槽克服材料堆积,而开槽处的应力集中会影响结构的破坏和疲劳,是结构设计中需要考虑的一个重要因素。建立了加帽的格栅肋应力分析模型,应用复变函数孔口问题解的结果,得到了格栅肋开槽附近的应力解。分析了格栅肋开槽处的应力集中,讨论了开槽尺寸,材料常数等因素对应力集中的影响。     

叶片内部蒸汽冷却的数值模拟

在某燃气轮机第二级导向叶片的基础上,对叶片内部进行了设计并采用内部蒸汽冷却方式.采用非结构化网格和Realizable k-ε紊流模型,对同时带15°,30°和45°肋的叶片内外流场以及叶片本身进行了三维热耦合的定常数值模拟.热耦合采用在流固耦合面的热对流和固体导热来实现.内部冷却介质选用比空气热容大,粘度低的水蒸汽.结果表明:带肋的通道流场非常复杂,扰流肋的存在使各壁面的换热都得到了增强,相对于光滑通道换热显著,有明显的冷却痕迹,冷却效果明显;采用蒸汽冷却比用空气冷却效果要好;压力面温度普遍低于吸力面温度.      

内冷通道带肋和出流孔壁面的换热研究

采用热色液晶瞬态测量技术对带有肋和单排出流孔的内流通道进行了换热实验研究.实验在主流雷诺数Re为20000～80000和出流比Br为0.30～0.60情况下,测量了通道内全表面换热系数分布,重点分析了主流雷诺数和出流比对换热的影响.实验结果显示:①出流孔附近区域的换热得到强化;肋前的换热系数大于肋后的换热系数;②出流比和雷诺数的改变对全表面的换热分布规律影响不大;③在本实验的参数范围下,出流比的增加对全表面的换热系数和换热增强程度基本没什么影响;雷诺数的增加使得全表面的换热系数增大,换热增强程度减弱.      

柔性后缘自适应机翼的概念设计

对H.P.Monner提出的 “可转动翼肋”自适应机翼概念进行运动学研究,推导了驱动位移量和偏转变形量之间的对应关系。这种可变形翼肋可简化为由平面连杆机构组合而成的单自由度系统,能使机翼后缘柔性偏转的同时保持翼面光滑连续。提出了基于曲线逼近原理根据后缘中弧线偏转轨迹优化转轴点布局的翼肋机构设计方法。对悬臂梁型、圆弧型和反悬臂梁型3种偏转距离相等但偏转轨迹不同的柔性后缘进行了方案设计和分析,从翼肋机构的实现、承载能力以及气动特性3方面进行了建模计算和比较研究。结果表明,圆弧型是3种柔性后缘中最佳的设计方案;柔性后缘自适应机翼的设计分析方法是切实可行的,可根据实际需要设计出满足任意后缘偏转要求的自适应机翼。     

旋转状态下S型带肋通道流动特性数值研究

为了更好地了解涡轮叶片内冷完整通道中流体的流动特性,数值研究了肋、转弯以及旋转对完整S型带肋通道流动特性的影响.雷诺数为17000,3个出口的出流比分别为27%,49%,24%,旋转数取0,0.03,0.06,0.09.结果表明:通道1靠近前缘侧阻塞比高,肋的扰流作用强,流体速度较低.转弯引起流体流动分离,使转弯下游通道中的主流发生偏移,通道3靠近分隔板侧存在较大范围低速区.旋转产生的切向哥氏力使流体向哥氏力指向面偏移,通道2与通道3主流分别偏向吸力面与压力面.旋转影响通道中二次流的分布,增强转弯下游低速回流涡区域流体的流动.      

Control of squealer-tip leakage flow with perforated-rib coolant injection in an axial turbine cascade

A novel perforated-rib configuration is proposed for controlling the tip leakage flow at the rotor tip of an axial turbine. Three perforated-rib layouts are considered, wherein a perforated rib is installed at (A) the Suction-Side squealer (SS-rib), (B) the Pressure-Side squealer (PS-rib), and (C) the additional squealer along the blade Camber Line (CL-rib). A numerical method is used to show how the novel rib layouts affect the aerodynamic performance of the tip leakage flow. Results show that the coolant jets issuing from the perforated-rib injection holes penetrate deeper into the tip clearance than those in the baseline squealer-tip case, and how the perforated-rib coolant injection affects the tip leakage flow depends strongly on the rib layout. The PS-rib and CL-rib layouts appear promising for controlling the tip leakage flow, playing a significant role in reducing the total pressure loss and improving the turbine blade’s isentropic efficiency. In particular, under an injection mass flow ratio of 1% and a tip clearance of 1% blade span, the PS-rib layout reduces the leakage mass flow rate by 27% and increases the isentropic efficiency by 1.25% compared with those in the baseline squealer-tip case. Meanwhile, the advantages of the PS-rib layout in tip leakage control are confirmed under small and large tip clearances.     

高压涡轮机匣加强肋表面换热特性试验

针对高压涡轮叶尖间隙主动控制机匣的多层结构,重点分析了机匣内部加强肋和安装螺栓共同组成的基本换热单元,利用热膜法研究了加强肋表面的局部和平均传热系数,得到了不同进气状态、加强肋高度对传热系数的影响规律。研究发现:冲击靶面传热系数随着冲击雷诺数的增长而增大,但传热系数的增长速率随着冲击雷诺数的增大而缓慢降低。3排冲击射流工况中,靠近出流位置的加强肋表面平均传热系数最高。试验结果表明,加强肋表面的传热系数受到加强肋高度和冲击雷诺数耦合作用。在高雷诺数时,增加加强肋高度带来的换热强化效果更加明显。      

Radially loading rotary extrusion for manufacturing large-size conical cylinders with inner transverse high ribs

The Large-size Conical Cylinders with Inner Transverse High Ribs (LCCWITHR) can reduce the weight of the parts while maintaining high rigidity and strength. Radially Loading Rotary Extrusion (RLRE) forming technology can achieve integral forming of LCCWITHR through the synergy of radial and rotary movements of dies. The flow law of the material during the forming process is the key to forming large-size inner ribs. At present, there is no unified understanding of the metal flow law of RLRE forming technology. An analytical expression was derived to predict the Radial Direction (RD) deformation loads. The FE simulation and process experiment were carried out to investigate the effects of the inclination angle, thickness factor and transition arc radius of the split top dies on the spacing of the metal diversion plane, the metal flow velocity of the rib area and the final radius of the inner rib. The influence of the split top dies loading distance and the bottom die rotation angle of each pass on the inner radius of the inner rib was verified. And the optimal combination of dies shape parameters and loading paths which can make the metal flow orderly was obtained: the inclination angle is 140°, the thickness factor is 3.64, the transition arc radius is 16 mm; the top dies loading distance is 15 mm, the bottom die rotation angle is 45°. The FE simulation results have been found to be in close agreement with physics experiment. The research results reveal the metal flow law of rib growth in the RLRE of LCCWITHR, which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent thorough research and process optimization.     

肋参数对液氧甲烷发动机推力室强化换热的影响

为深入研究带肋推力室强化传热的机理，对带肋液氧/甲烷推力室的燃烧与再生冷却进行了流动与传热耦合分析，并针对不同肋高和肋数目进行了参数化分析。结果表明:引入等效平均热流密度的概念可以准确描述带肋推力室中的实际传热过程;平均热流密度总是随着肋数目的增加而减小，当肋高恒定时，由于总换热面积增大，等效平均热流密度会随着肋数目的增加而增大;而当总表面积恒定时，等效平均热流密度会随肋数目的增加而减小。此外，盲目地增大总换热面积并不一定能改善传热强化，甚至会在某些情况下恶化传热，因此在设计过程中也应该结合其他肋参数进行综合考虑。